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105 lines
2.9 KiB
105 lines
2.9 KiB
""" |
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17. Custom column/table names |
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If your database column name is different than your model attribute, use the |
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``db_column`` parameter. Note that you'll use the field's name, not its column |
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name, in API usage. |
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If your database table name is different than your model name, use the |
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``db_table`` Meta attribute. This has no effect on the API used to |
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query the database. |
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If you need to use a table name for a many-to-many relationship that differs |
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from the default generated name, use the ``db_table`` parameter on the |
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``ManyToManyField``. This has no effect on the API for querying the database. |
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""" |
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from django.db import models |
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class Author(models.Model): |
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first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30, db_column='firstname') |
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last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30, db_column='last') |
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def __unicode__(self): |
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return u'%s %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name) |
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class Meta: |
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db_table = 'my_author_table' |
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ordering = ('last_name','first_name') |
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class Article(models.Model): |
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headline = models.CharField(max_length=100) |
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authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author, db_table='my_m2m_table') |
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def __unicode__(self): |
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return self.headline |
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class Meta: |
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ordering = ('headline',) |
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__test__ = {'API_TESTS':""" |
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# Create a Author. |
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>>> a = Author(first_name='John', last_name='Smith') |
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>>> a.save() |
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>>> a.id |
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1 |
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# Create another author |
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>>> a2 = Author(first_name='Peter', last_name='Jones') |
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>>> a2.save() |
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# Create an article |
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>>> art = Article(headline='Django lets you build web apps easily') |
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>>> art.save() |
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>>> art.authors = [a, a2] |
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# Although the table and column names on Author have been set to custom values, |
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# nothing about using the Author model has changed... |
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# Query the available authors |
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>>> Author.objects.all() |
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[<Author: Peter Jones>, <Author: John Smith>] |
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>>> Author.objects.filter(first_name__exact='John') |
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[<Author: John Smith>] |
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>>> Author.objects.get(first_name__exact='John') |
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<Author: John Smith> |
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>>> Author.objects.filter(firstname__exact='John') |
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Traceback (most recent call last): |
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... |
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FieldError: Cannot resolve keyword 'firstname' into field. Choices are: article, first_name, id, last_name |
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>>> a = Author.objects.get(last_name__exact='Smith') |
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>>> a.first_name |
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u'John' |
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>>> a.last_name |
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u'Smith' |
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>>> a.firstname |
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Traceback (most recent call last): |
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... |
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AttributeError: 'Author' object has no attribute 'firstname' |
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>>> a.last |
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Traceback (most recent call last): |
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... |
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AttributeError: 'Author' object has no attribute 'last' |
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# Although the Article table uses a custom m2m table, |
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# nothing about using the m2m relationship has changed... |
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# Get all the authors for an article |
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>>> art.authors.all() |
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[<Author: Peter Jones>, <Author: John Smith>] |
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# Get the articles for an author |
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>>> a.article_set.all() |
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[<Article: Django lets you build web apps easily>] |
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# Query the authors across the m2m relation |
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>>> art.authors.filter(last_name='Jones') |
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[<Author: Peter Jones>] |
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"""}
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